Socio-Cultural and Economic Factors Contributing to Early Pregnancy Among Adolescent Girls Aged 13–18 Years Attending the Maternal Child Health and Family Planning Clinic at Nyamira County

                @article{CRSIJ26000497,
                  author = {Clifford Mocha, Jefferson Mutibo, Spencer Oyugi, Felix Mutua, Rogers Pkiach, Dickson Ruben},
                  title = {Socio-Cultural and Economic Factors Contributing to Early Pregnancy Among Adolescent Girls Aged 13–18 Years Attending the Maternal Child Health and Family Planning Clinic at Nyamira County},
                  journal = {Cosmo Research and Science International Journal},
                  year = {2026},
                  volume = {2},
                  number = {2},
                  pages = {1052-1060},
                  issn = {3108-1584},
                  url = {https://cosmorsij.com/published/CRSIJ26000497.pdf},
                  abstract = {Adolescent pregnancy is a public-health and social-development concern associated with health, educational and socioeconomic consequences. Its occurrence is shaped by interacting individual, family, cultural and economic circumstances, as well as access to reproductive-health information and services. To review published evidence on sociodemographic, economic, cultural and family-planning-related factors associated with adolescent pregnancy, and identify evidence gaps relevant to girls aged 13–18 years attending Nyamira County Referral Hospital. A structured literature-review approach was used to organize selected peer-reviewed reviews and studies and World Health Organization guidance. The supplied draft did not contain a complete auditable database-search log or verified screening counts; PRISMA counts are therefore not invented. The reviewed literature describes adolescent pregnancy as multifactorial. Recurrent factors include economic hardship, disrupted or limited education, early marriage and gender inequality, limited parent–adolescent communication, unequal power in relationships, and barriers to obtaining or using contraception. The source draft also contained an incomplete local-record summary; any estimated numbers shown in the revised results are explicitly illustrative and are not observed findings. A comprehensive response should combine adolescent-friendly reproductive-health services, accurate sexuality education, family and community support, school-retention measures, economic support and protection from coercion and gender-based violence. Local data are required to establish the distribution of pregnancy and religious affiliation among clinic attendees.},
                  keywords = {Adolescent pregnancy; adolescents; socio-cultural factors; economic factors; family planning; contraception; Nyamira County; Kenya},
                  month = {September}
        }