Adverse fetal outcomes and birth complications Associated with Gestational malaria:A Chi Square Association Analysis

                @article{CRSIJ26000387,
                  author = {Dimlong James Umaru , Jilang fotshak Abednego, Dr Isaac achwai Hezekiah},
                  title = {Adverse fetal outcomes and birth complications Associated with Gestational malaria:A Chi Square Association Analysis },
                  journal = {Cosmo Research and Science International Journal},
                  year = {2026},
                  volume = {2},
                  number = {2},
                  pages = {389-393},
                  issn = {3108-1584},
                  url = {https://cosmorsij.com/published/CRSIJ26000387.pdf},
                  abstract = {Background: Gestational malaria compromises placental integrity, resulting in poor fetal outcomes. This manuscript evaluates the specific association between maternal Plasmodium falciparum infection and adverse neonatal metrics—including stillbirth, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and small for gestational age (SGA), and low birth weight (LBW)—at Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH). Data from a 10-year retrospective window were evaluated. A Pearson Chi-Square (χ²) test of independence was performed on the cross-tabulated dataset of five fetal outcomes (n = 122 total recorded endpoints) to determine statistical significance at p < 0.05. The fetal complication tracker recorded 12 stillbirths, 14 preterm deliveries, 11 cases of FGR, 12 instances of SGA, and 10 cases of confirmed LBW among malaria-positive observations. Using the exact counts reported in Table 5, the Pearson Chi-Square test gave χ² (4) = 2.379, p = .666 (Pearson test, no continuity correction). Based on the contingency-table counts reported in Table 5, the analysis does not demonstrate a statistically significant association between malaria exposure and the distribution of the five adverse fetal outcomes at the 0.05 level. The findings should therefore be interpreted as descriptive evidence of adverse fetal outcomes rather than proof of a statistically significant association.},
                  keywords = {Gestational Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Adverse Fetal Outcomes, Birth Complications, Stillbirth, Preterm Delivery},
                  month = {September}
        }