@article{CRSIJ26000211,
                  author = {Ahmed, E. A, Ibiam Nzeogu Inya, Okomgboeso Chijioke Jude, LAWAL Akeem Olaide},
                  title = {Performance Assessment and Voltage Improvement of a Radial Distribution Network Using ETAP},
                  journal = {Cosmo Research and Science International Journal},
                  year = {2025},
                  volume = {1},
                  number = {6},
                  pages = {599-609},
                  issn = {3108-1584},
                  url = {https://cosmorsij.com/published/CRSIJ26000211.pdf},
                  abstract = {This study evaluates the steady-state performance of a 6-bus radial distribution network and examines voltage improvement using ETAP load-flow analysis. A base case without compensation is assessed to quantify voltage deviation, feeder and transformer loading, and active/reactive power losses, key planning indicators in distribution networks where voltage drop accumulates along a single supply path. The system, modelled with a 33 kV source stepped down to an 11 kV feeder supplying downstream aggregated loads, is solved using the Newton–Rap son method for its robustness in nonlinear power-flow equations. Results show severe under-voltage at Bus 5 (58.1 %), high branch currents, and substantial technical losses. To enhance performance, shunt capacitor banks are installed at Buses 5 and 6, ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 Mvar in 0.5 Mvar increments to study sensitivity and practical sizing. Post-compensation, bus voltages are restored near nominal (0.999–1.019 pu), branch currents decrease significantly (e.g., 351.6 A to 262.7 A in a critical section), and losses reduce from 1.393 MW to 0.817 MW (41.35%) and 2.429 Mvar to 1.424 Mvar (41.38%). The results confirm that properly placed and sized shunt capacitors effectively improve voltage regulation, reduce loading stress, and minimize losses in radial distribution feeders.},
                  keywords = {ETAP load-flow analysis, radial distribution network, Shunt capacitor bank, Voltage improvement, Technical losses, Branch currents },
                  month = {May}
        }